KPV

Origin and Development

KPV is the tripeptide Lys-Pro-Val, the final three residues of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). Research interest followed the observation that this short fragment appeared to retain some of the anti-inflammatory activity of the parent hormone without its pigmentary effects.

Mechanism as Understood in the Literature

Preclinical literature describes interference with pro-inflammatory signaling, including NF-κB pathway activity, in cell and animal models of inflammation. Unlike the full α-MSH molecule, KPV is generally described as acting without significant melanocortin receptor-mediated pigmentary effects, though the precise mechanism remains debated.

Research Status

Preclinical. Cell-culture and rodent studies have examined activity in models of intestinal inflammation and dermatological inflammation. There is no substantial human trial evidence.

Regulatory status

Not FDA-approved for any indication. Removed from the FDA's Category 2 bulk drug substances list in April 2026 without being moved to Category 1, and without a recognized USP/NF monograph. Scheduled for Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee review on July 23, 2026.

Commonly Confused With

Distinct from α-MSH itself and from Melanotan II, both of which act on melanocortin receptors and are associated with pigmentation. KPV is the fragment, not the parent hormone.

How This Compound Is Marketed

Vendor marketing for this compound typically references inflammatory conditions, gut health, and skin conditions. VialReport does not evaluate or endorse these claims. See Research Status above for what the published literature actually establishes.

Analytical Profile

Three amino acids, sequence KPV, molecular weight approximately 342 Da. Very small peptides present a different analytical profile from longer chains; UV detection at 214 nm is standard for purity by RP-HPLC, and identity is confirmable by retention-time comparison with mass spectrometry as stronger confirmation.

Stability and Handling

Supplied lyophilized. Stability depends on molecular form, formulation, container closure, temperature, and reconstitution conditions, and published data may not apply to research-channel material.

Key Literature

01 Dalmasso G, et al. PepT1-mediated tripeptide KPV uptake reduces intestinal inflammation. Gastroenterology. 2008;134(1):166-178.
02 Brzoska T, et al. Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and related tripeptides: biochemistry, anti-inflammatory and protective effects in vitro and in vivo. Endocr Rev. 2008;29(5):581-602.

Reports for KPV

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